A book entitled Earth is a basic reference textbook in many universities around the world. One of its two authors is
Professor Emeritus Frank Press. He was the Science Advisor to former US President Jimmy Carter, and for 12 years
was the President of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC. His book says that mountains have
underlying roots.
This is how the Qur’an has described mountains. God has said in the Qur’an:
"Have We not made the earth as a bed, and the mountains as pegs?"
(Qur’an, 78:6-7)
Modern earth sciences have proven that mountains have deep roots under the surface of the ground and that these
roots can reach several times their elevations above the surface of the ground. So the most suitable word to describe
mountains on the basis of this information is the word ‘peg,’ since most of a properly set peg is hidden under the
surface of the ground.
The history of science tells us that the theory of mountains having deep roots was introduced only in 1865 by the
Astronomer Royal, Sir George Airy. Mountains also play an important role in stabilizing the crust of the earth.
They hinder the shaking of the earth. God has said in the Qur’an:
"And He has set firm mountains in the earth so that it would not shake with you... "
(Qur’an, 16:15)
Likewise, the modern theory of plate tectonics holds that mountains work as stabilizers for the earth. This knowledge
about the role of mountains as stabilizers for the earth has just begun to be understood in the framework of plate
tectonics since the late 1960’s. Could anyone during the time of the Prophet Muhammad have known of the true
shape of mountains?
Could anyone imagine that the solid massive mountain which he sees before him actually extends deep into the
earth and has a root, as scientists affirm? Modern geology has confirmed the truth of the Qur’anic verses.
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